Is Incense Bad for Your Health? What Science Says in 2025

Incense has been used for centuries in rituals, relaxation, and traditional medicine across cultures. But recent studies raise important questions about its impact on indoor air quality and long-term health. Is incense truly safe, or does its smoke pose hidden risks?

Understanding Incense Types and Burning Practices

Traditional incense comes in stick, powder, and cone forms, often made from natural resins like sandalwood, agarwood, or myrrh. When burned, these materials release volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and fine particulate matter (PM2.5)—substances linked to respiratory irritation and reduced lung function (WHO, 2024). Unlike candles, incense smoke contains higher levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), known carcinogens in controlled exposures.

Health Risks Linked to Regular Incense Exposure

While occasional use is generally low-risk, frequent burning—especially in poorly ventilated spaces—can elevate indoor pollutant levels. A 2023 study in the Journal of Environmental Health found that daily incense use increases PM2.5 concentrations by up to 40% in small rooms, comparable to smoking a cigarette indoors (Lee et al., 2023). Prolonged exposure may trigger asthma symptoms, exacerbate allergies, and contribute to chronic airway inflammation.

Vulnerable groups—children, elderly individuals, and those with respiratory conditions—face heightened risks. Children’s developing lungs are more sensitive, and long-term exposure has been associated with lower lung function growth in longitudinal data from South Korea and Japan.

Supporting Factors: Ventilation, Ingredients, and Burning Duration

The health impact of incense heavily depends on three factors: ventilation, fuel composition, and burn time. Burning incense in enclosed spaces without fresh air exchange concentrates harmful particles. Natural, wood-based incense with minimal synthetic additives tends to produce fewer toxic byproducts. Short, intermittent burning (5–10 minutes) reduces cumulative exposure compared to continuous burning throughout the day.

Expert Guidance and Safer Alternatives

Health organizations emphasize moderation and environmental awareness. The American Lung Association recommends using incense only occasionally and ensuring adequate ventilation—open windows or use exhaust fans. For alternatives, essential oil diffusers, beeswax candles, or natural air purifiers offer safer ways to enjoy aromatic spaces without health trade-offs.

Conclusion: Mindful Use Protects Your Wellbeing

Incense can enhance ambiance and mindfulness when used thoughtfully. While it poses minimal risk for occasional, well-ventilated use, excessive or prolonged burning may compromise indoor air quality and health—especially for sensitive individuals. Prioritize fresh air, quality ingredients, and balanced habits. Take control today: limit incense use, improve room ventilation, and explore cleaner alternatives. Your lungs and home deserve it.